Washington, D.C. was officially established as the capital city of the United States in 1790. Named after the first President of the United States, George Washington, the city was chosen for its central location between the northern and southern states. The design of the city was laid out by French architect Pierre Charles L’Enfant, with wide avenues and grand monuments. Throughout its history, Washington, D.C. has played a significant role in shaping the nation. It was the site of the Civil War, with battles fought nearby and the city itself serving as a refuge for escaped slaves. In the 20th century, Washington became a hub for political activism and social change, with iconic leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. leading protests and marches in the city. Today, Washington, D.C. continues to be a vibrant and diverse city, home to important government institutions, museums, and cultural landmarks. It remains a symbol of democracy and freedom for the United States and the world.